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Tin

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Tin.


Contents


Tin

 

General Information about Tin

Regular nameTinChemical symbolSnOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

 

Atomar Properties of Tin

Atomic number Z50 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight118.710 (7)

 

Electron configuration of Tin

1s2s2p3s3p3d4s4p4d4f5s5p5d5f6s6p6d6f7s7p
2262610261022

Shorthand electron configuration of Tin: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 .

 

Ionization Energies of Tin

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Tin atom.

IE1IE2IE3IE4IE5
7.3439214.632230.5026040.7350272.28

 

Isotopic Data of Tin

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Tin isotopes.

 

Chemistry of Tin

 

Oxidation states+4. +2Electronegativity1.8 (Pauling original)
1.96 (Pauling)
1.824 (Allen)
1.8 (Mulliken)
2.02 (Sanderson)
1.72 (Allred-Rochow)
4.672 eV (Gosh Gupta)
4.30 eV (Pearson)
Electron affinity1.112 070(2) eV
107.298 4(3) kJ mol-1

 

Standard Electrode Potential

E0 (V)SymbolNoxName Ox.
Name Red.
Ox.
Red.
e-
-1.07Sn0
- IV
Tin
Stannane
Sn (s) + 4 H+
⇄ SnH4 (g)
+ 4 e-
-0.1375Sn+ II
0
Tin(II) cation
Tin
Sn2+
⇄ Sn (s)
+ 2 e-
-0.1Sn+ II
0
Tin oxide
Tin
SnO (s) + 2 H+
⇄ Sn (s) + H2O
+ 2 e-
-0.09Sn+ IV
+ II
Tin dioxide
Tin oxide
SnO2 (s) + 2 H+
⇄ SnO (s) + H2O
+ 2 e-
0.151Sn+ IV
+ II
Tin(IV) cation
Tin(II) cation
Sn4+
⇄ Sn2+
+ 2 e-

 

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point231.928 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)7.03 kJ mol-1Boiling point2586 °CEnthalpy of vaporization290.4 kJ mol-1Density7.265 g cm-3 (β-Sn. 20 °C)

 

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-31-5InChI =1S/SnInChIKeyATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID5352426

 


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isotopes

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Last update: 2022-12-12


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