1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 13 | 2 | 6 | 2 |
Shorthand electron configuration of Thulium: [Xe] 4f13 6s2 .
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Thulium atom.
IE1 | IE2 | IE3 | IE4 |
---|---|---|---|
6.18431 | 12.05 | 23.68 | 42.7 |
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Thulium isotopes.
E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox. Name Red. | Ox. Red. | e- |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
-2.4 | Tm | + II 0 | Thulium(II) cation Thulium | Tm2+ ⇄ Tm | + 2 e- |
-2.319 | Tm | + III 0 | Thulium(III) cation Thulium | Tm3+ ⇄ Tm | + 3 e- |
-2.2 | Tm | + III + II | Thulium(III) cation Thulium(II) cation | Tm3+ ⇄ Tm2+ | + e- |
Last update: 2022-12-12
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