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Scandium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Scandium.


Contents


Scandium

 

General Information about Scandium

Regular nameScandiumChemical symbolScOther namesHistorical namesEka-Boron.Name meaning, originLatin Scandia: meaning Scandinavia.Discovery (year)1879 - Lars Fredrik Nilson.OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

 

Atomar Properties of Scandium

Atomic number Z21 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight44.955908 (5)

 

Electron configuration of Scandium

1s2s2p3s3p3d4s4p4d4f5s5p5d5f6s6p6d6f7s7p
2262612

Shorthand electron configuration of Scandium: [Ar] 3d1 4s2 .

 

Ionization Energies of Scandium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Scandium atom.

IE1IE2IE3IE4IE5IE6IE7IE8
6.5614912.7997724.7568573.490091.65110.68138.0158.1

 

Isotopic Data of Scandium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Scandium isotopes.

 

Chemistry of Scandium

 

Oxidation states+ 3Electronegativity1.3 (Pauling original)
1.36 (Pauling)
1.19 (Allen)
1.09 (Sanderson)
1.20 (Allred-Rochow)
2.8571 eV (Gosh Gupta)
3.34 eV (Pearson)
Electron affinity0.188(20) eV
18(2) kJ mol-1

 

Standard Electrode Potential

E0 (V)SymbolNoxName Ox.
Name Red.
Ox.
Red.
e-
-2.077Sc+ III
0
Scandium(III) cation
Scandium
Sc3+
⇄ Sc (s)
+ 3 e-

 

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point1541 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)14.1 kJ mol-1Boiling point2836 °CEnthalpy of vaporization304.8 kJ mol-1Density2.985 g cm-3

 

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-20-2InChI =1S/ScInChIKeySIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23952

 


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isotopes

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Last update: 2023-05-17


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