Polonium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Polonium.

Contents

General Information about Polonium

Regular namePoloniumChemical symbolPoOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Polonium

Atomic number Z84 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight209.982872793

Electron configuration of Polonium

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	10	14	2	6	10		2	4

Shorthand electron configuration of Polonium: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁴ .

Ionization Energies of Polonium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Polonium atom.

IE1
8.414

Isotopic Data of Polonium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Polonium isotopes.

Chemistry of Polonium

Oxidation states+2. +4. -2Electronegativity2.0 (Pauling original)
2.00 (Pauling)
2.39 (Allen)Electron affinity1.40(7) eV
136(7) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
0.368	Po	+ II 0	Polonium(II) cation Polonium	Po²⁺ ⇄ Po (s)	+ 2 e^-
1.095	Po	+ IV + II	Polonium(IV) oxide Polonium(II) cation	PoO₂ + 4 H⁺ ⇄ Po²⁺ + 2 H₂O	+ 2 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point254 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)13 kJ mol^-1Boiling point962 °CEnthalpy of vaporization100.8 kJ mol^-1Density9.196 g cm^-3

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-08-6InChI =1S/PoInChIKeyHZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID6328143

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isotopes

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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