Platinum

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Platinum.

Contents

General Information about Platinum

Regular namePlatinumChemical symbolPtOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Platinum

Atomic number Z78 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight195.084 (9)

Electron configuration of Platinum

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	10	14	2	6	9		1

Shorthand electron configuration of Platinum: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹ .

Ionization Energies of Platinum

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Platinum atom.

IE1	IE2
8.9588	18.563

Isotopic Data of Platinum

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Platinum isotopes.

Chemistry of Platinum

Oxidation states+2. +4Electronegativity2.2 (Pauling original)
2.28 (Pauling)
1.72 (Allen)
5.6 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity2.125 10(5) eV
205.041(5) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
0.14	Pt	+ II 0	Platinum(II) hydroxide Platinum	Pt(OH)₂ ⇄ Pt + 2 OH^-	+ 2 e^-
0.726	Pt	+ IV + II	Hexachloroplatinum(IV) dianion Tetrachloroplatinum(II) dianion	[PtCl₆]^2- ⇄ [PtCl₄]^2- + 2 Cl^-	+ 2 e^-
0.758	Pt	+ II 0	Tetrachloroplatinum(II) dianion Platinum	[PtCl₄]^2- ⇄ Pt (s) + 4 Cl ^-	+ 2 e^-
1.00	Pt	+ IV 0	Platinum(IV) oxide Platinum	PtO₂ + 4 H⁺ ⇄ Pt + H₂O	+ 4 e^-
1.01	Pt	+ IV + II	Platinum(IV) oxide Platinum(II) oxide	PtO₂ + 2 H⁺ ⇄ PtO + H₂O	+ 2 e^-
1.188	Pt	+ II 0	Platinum(II) cation Platinum	Pt²⁺ ⇄ Pt (s)	+ 2 e^-
1.5	Pt	+ VI + IV	Platinum(VI) oxide Platinum(IV) dihydroxido cation	PtO₃ + 4 H⁺ ⇄ Pt(OH)₂²⁺ + H₂O	+ 2 e^-
1.7	Pt	+ VI + IV	Platinum(VI) oxide Platinum(IV) oxide	PtO₃ + 2 H⁺ ⇄ PtO₂ + H₂O	+ 2 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point1768.2 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)22.17 kJ mol^-1Boiling point3825 °CEnthalpy of vaporization510.5 kJ mol^-1Density21.45 g cm^-3

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-06-4InChI =1S/PtInChIKeyBASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23939

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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