Magnesium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Magnesium.

Contents

General Information about Magnesium

Regular nameMagnesiumChemical symbolMgOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Magnesium

Atomic number Z12 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight24.305
intervall: [24.304, 24.307]

Electron configuration of Magnesium

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2

Shorthand electron configuration of Magnesium: [Ne] 3s² .

Ionization Energies of Magnesium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Magnesium atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3	IE4	IE5	IE6	IE7	IE8
7.646235	15.03527	80.1437	109.2655	141.27	186.76	225.02	265.96

Isotopic Data of Magnesium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Magnesium isotopes.

Chemistry of Magnesium

Oxidation states+2Electronegativity1.2 (Pauling original)
1.31 (Pauling)
1.293 (Allen)
1.42 (Sanderson)
1.23 (Allred-Rochow)
3.6108 eV (Gosh Gupta)
3.75 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity-0.4(2) eV
-40(19) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
-2.372	Mg	+ II 0	Magnesium(II) cation Magnesium	Mg²⁺ ⇄ Mg (s)	+ 2 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point650 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)8.48 kJ mol^-1Boiling point1090 °CEnthalpy of vaporization128.7 kJ mol^-1Density1.738 g cm^-3 (20°C)

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7439-95-4InChI =1S/MgInChIKeyFYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID5462224

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isotopes

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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