Fluorine

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Fluorine.

Contents

General Information about Fluorine

Regular nameFluorineChemical symbolFOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Fluorine

Atomic number Z9 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight18.998403163 (6)

Electron configuration of Fluorine

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	5

Shorthand electron configuration of Fluorine: [He] 2s² 2p⁵ .

Ionization Energies of Fluorine

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Fluorine atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3	IE4	IE5	IE6	IE7	IE8
17.4228	34.9708	62.7084	87.1398	114.2428	157.1651	185.186	953.9112

Isotopic Data of Fluorine

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Fluorine isotopes.

Chemistry of Fluorine

Oxidation states-1Electronegativity4.0 (Pauling original)
3.98 (Pauling)
4.193 (Allen)
4.1 (Mulliken)
3.92 (Sanderson)
4.10 (Allred-Rochow)
10.0378 eV (Gosh Gupta)
10.41 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity3.401 189 8(25) eV
328.164 9(3) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
2.866	F	0 - I	Fluorine Fluoride anion	F₂ (g) ⇄ 2 + F^-	+ 2 e^-
3.05	F	0 - I	Fluorine Hydrogen fluoride	F₂ (g) + 2 H⁺ (g) ⇄ 2 HF (aq)	+ 2 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point- 219.67 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)0.510 kJ mol^-1Boiling point- 188.12 °CEnthalpy of vaporization6.548 kJ mol^-1Density1.696 g L ^-1 (0°C; 101.325 kPa. F₂)

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7782-41-4InChI =1S/FInChIKeyYCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID24524

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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