Cadmium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Cadmium.

Contents

General Information about Cadmium

Regular nameCadmiumChemical symbolCdOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Cadmium

Atomic number Z48 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight112.414 (4)

Electron configuration of Cadmium

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	10		2

Shorthand electron configuration of Cadmium: [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² .

Ionization Energies of Cadmium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Cadmium atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3
8.99382	16.90831	37.48

Isotopic Data of Cadmium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Cadmium isotopes.

Chemistry of Cadmium

Valence electrons2Oxidation states+2Electronegativity1.7 (Pauling original)
1.69 (Pauling)
1.52 (Allen)
1.73 (Sanderson)
1.46 (Allred-Rochow)
3.7958 eV (Gosh Gupta)
4.33 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity-0.7(2) eV
-68(20) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
-0.4	Cd	+ II 0	Cadmium(II) cation Cadmium	Cd²⁺ ⇄ Cd (s)	+ 2 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point321.069 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)6.21 kJ mol^-1Boiling point767 °CEnthalpy of vaporization99.87 kJ mol^-1Density8.65 g cm^-3

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-43-9InChI =1S/CdInChIKeyBDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23973

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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