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Nickel-56

Properties and data of the isotope 56Ni.


Contents

 

Nickel-56 isotope

Nickel-56 is a radioisotope of the chemical element Nickel, which, in addition to the element-specific 28 protons, has 28 neutrons in the atomic nucleus, resulting in the mass number 56. The very short-lived, unstable and therefore radioactive nuclide, which can only be produced artificially, has no practical significance from a technical point of view; The study of 56Ni is exclusively for academic purposes.

Nickel-56 is produced in large quantities in stellar explosions: The isotope can be detected indirectly in the light emitted by a supernova (of a certain type) using the spectra of the radioactive decay products (see below).

The nuclide has a double magic atomic nucleus with 28 neutrons and protons.

See also: list of Nickel isotopes.

 

General data

Name of the isotope:Nickel-56; Ni-56Symbol:56Ni or 5628NiMass number A:56 (= number of nucleons)Atomic number Z:28 (= number of protons)Neutrons N:28Isotopic mass:55.9421278(4) u (atomic weight of Nickel-56)Nuclide mass:55.926768 u (calculated nuclear mass without electrons)Mass excess:-53.90761 MeVMass defect:0.51959074400001 u (per nucleus)Nuclear binding energy:483.99566049 MeV (per nucleus)
8.64277965 MeV (average binding energy per nucleon)
Separation energy:SN = 16.6430(7) MeV (first neutron)
SP = 7.1666(3) MeV (first proton)
Half-life:6.075(10) dDecay constant λ:1.320582191281 × 10-6 s-1Specific activity α:1.445951267822 × 10+16 Bq g-1
390797.63995197 Ci g-1
Spin and parity:
(nuclear angular momentum)
0+Magnetic dipole moment:μ(μN) = - 0.7975(14)Charge radius:3.7226(03) femtometer fmMatter radius:3.74 femtometer fmYear of discovery:1952

 

Radioactive Decay

Half-life T½ = 6.075(10) d respectively 5.24880 × 105 seconds s.

Decay
mode
DaughterProbabilityDecay energyγ energy
(intensity)
EC/β+56Co100 %2.1329(6) MeV

 

Nickel-56 decay chain

 

Parent Nuclides

Direct parent isotopes are: 56Cu, 57Zn, 60Ga.

 

Isotones and Isobars

The following table shows the atomic nuclei that are isotonic (same neutron number N = 28) and isobaric (same nucleon number A = 56) with Nickel-56. Naturally occurring isotopes are marked in green; light green = naturally occurring radionuclides.

 

ZIsotone N = 28Isobar A = 56
1139Na
1240Mg
1341Al
1442Si
1543P
1644S
1745Cl
1846Ar
1947K56K
2048Ca56Ca
2149Sc56Sc
2250Ti56Ti
2351V56V
2452Cr56Cr
2553Mn56Mn
2654Fe56Fe
2755Co56Co
2856Ni56Ni
2957Cu56Cu
3058Zn56Zn
3159Ga
3260Ge

 

External data and identifiers

Adopted Levels, Gammas:NuDat 56Ni

 

Literature and References

[1] - Mirko Schmid:
Nuclear matter distribution of 56Ni measured with EXL.
In: Dissertation, TU Darmstadt, (2015).

[2] - Zsófia Bora et al.:
Initial Ni-56 Masses in Type Ia Supernovae.
In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, (2022), DOI 10.1088/1538-3873/ac63e7.

[3] - Felix Sommer et al.:
Charge Radii of 55,56Ni Reveal a Surprisingly Similar Behavior at N=28 in Ca and Ni Isotopes.
In: Physical Review Letters, 129, 132501, (2022), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.132501.

[4] - M. von Schmid, T. Aumann, S. Bagchi et al.:
Matter radius of the doubly-magic 56Ni measured in a storage ring.
In: The European Physical Journal A, 59, 83, (2023), DOI 10.1140/epja/s10050-023-00967-z.

 


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Last update: 2023-10-26


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