Yttrium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Yttrium.

Contents

General Information about Yttrium

Regular nameYttriumChemical symbolYOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Yttrium

Atomic number Z39 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight88.90584 (1)

Electron configuration of Yttrium

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	1		2

Shorthand electron configuration of Yttrium: [Kr] 4d¹ 5s² .

Ionization Energies of Yttrium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Yttrium atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3	IE4	IE5	IE6	IE7	IE8
6.2173	12.224	20.52	60.597	77.0	93.0	116	129

Isotopic Data of Yttrium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Yttrium isotopes.

Chemistry of Yttrium

Oxidation states+3Electronegativity1.2 (Pauling original)
1.22 (Pauling)
1.12 (Allen)
1.4 (Mulliken)
0.98 (Sanderson)
1.11 (Allred-Rochow)
2.7237 eV (Gosh Gupta)
3.19 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity0.307(12) eV
29.6(12) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
-2.372	Y	+ III 0	Yttrium(III) cation Yttrium	Y³⁺ ⇄ Y (s)	+ 3 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point1522 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)11.42 kJ mol^-1Boiling point2930 °CEnthalpy of vaporization393.3 kJ mol^-1Density4.472 g cm^-3

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-65-5InChI =1S/YInChIKeyVWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23993

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isotopes

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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