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Isotopes of Tungsten

List, data and properties of all known isotopes of Tungsten.

Content
Atomic properties
Decay properties
NMR active nuclides
Radiation protection
References
Tungsten isotopes

All atomic nuclei of the chemical element tungsten are summarized under tungsten isotopes; these all consist of an atomic nucleus with 74 protons and, in the uncharged state, 74 electrons. The difference between each tungsten isotope is based on the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

 

Naturally Occurring Tungsten Isotopes

Natural tungsten deposits consist of a mixture of five different isotopes with the following percentage composition:

Atomic Mass maQuantityHalf-lifeSpin
Tungsten
Isotopic mixture		183,84 u100 %
Isotope 180W179,94671(2) u0,12(1) %1.8(2) × 1018 a0+
Isotope 182W181,948204(6) u26,50(16) %stable0+
Isotope 183W182,950223(6) u14,31(4) %6.7 × 1020 a1/2-
Isotope 184W183,950931(6) u30,64(2) %stable0+
Isotope 186W185,95436(2) u28,43(19) %stable0+

 

All other known and characterized tungsten nuclides are unstable.

 

Isotope Table: Tungsten

The two following tables list the most important data and properties of the Tungsten isotopes. Further information on the individual Tungsten isotopes is listed on separate pages and can be accessed via the link in column 1.

 

Atomic Properties

Isotope
Nuclide		ENAtomic Mass
[Nuclear Mass]
{Mass Excess}		Spin I
(h/2π)		Parent
123456
Tungsten-15715774W83156.97910(43) u
[156.9385091 u]
{-19.46822 MeV}		(7/2-)
Tungsten-15815874W84157.97463(32) u
[157.9340391 u]
{-23.632 MeV}		0+162Os
Tungsten-158m158m74W84157.97463(32) u
[157.9340391 u]
{-23.632 MeV}		(8+)
Tungsten-15915974W85158.97284(32) u
[158.9322491 u]
{-25.29938 MeV}		163Os
Tungsten-16016074W86159.96852(16) u
[159.9279291 u]
{-29.32343 MeV}		0+164Os
161Re
Tungsten-16116174W87160.96720(21) u
[160.9266091 u]
{-30.553 MeV}		165Os
Tungsten-16216274W88161.963500(19) u
[161.9229091 u]
{-33.99953 MeV}		0+166Os
Tungsten-16316374W89162.96252(6) u
[162.9219291 u]
{-34.9124 MeV}		7/2-167Os
Tungsten-16416474W90163.958952(10) u
[163.9183611 u]
{-38.23597 MeV}		0+168Os
Tungsten-16516574W91164.958281(27) u
[164.9176901 u]
{-38.861 MeV}		(5/2-)169Os
165Re
Tungsten-16616674W92165.955031(10) u
[165.9144401 u]
{-41.88835 MeV}		0+170Os
166Re
Tungsten-16716774W93166.954806(20) u
[166.9142151 u]
{-42.09794 MeV}		(+)171Os
167Re
Tungsten-16816874W94167.951805(14) u
[167.9112141 u]
{-44.89335 MeV}		0+172Os
168Re
Tungsten-16916974W95168.951779(17) u
[168.9111881 u]
{-44.91757 MeV}		(5/2-)173Os
Tungsten-17017074W96169.949231(14) u
[169.9086401 u]
{-47.29102 MeV}		0+174Os
170Re
Tungsten-17117174W97170.94945(3) u
[170.9088591 u]
{-47.08702 MeV}		(5/2-)171Re
Tungsten-17217274W98171.94729(3) u
[171.9066991 u]
{-49.09905 MeV}		0+172Re
Tungsten-17317374W99172.94769(3) u
[172.9070991 u]
{-48.72645 MeV}		5/2-173Re
Tungsten-17417474W100173.94608(3) u
[173.9054891 u]
{-50.22616 MeV}		0+174Re
Tungsten-17517574W101174.94672(3) u
[174.9061291 u]
{-49.63 MeV}		(1/2-)175Re
Tungsten-17617674W102175.94563(3) u
[175.9050391 u]
{-50.64533 MeV}		0+176Re
Tungsten-17717774W103176.94664(3) u
[17694663.959409 u]
{16482308473.578 MeV}		1/2-177Re
Tungsten-17817874W104177.945886(16) u
[177.9052951 u]
{-50.40687 MeV}		0+178Re
Tungsten-17917974W105178.947080(16) u
[178.9064891 u]
{-49.29466 MeV}		7/2-179Re
Tungsten-179m179m74W105178.947080(16) u
[178.9064891 u]
{-49.29466 MeV}		1/2-
Tungsten-18018074W106179.94671(2) u
[179.9061191 u]
{-49.63932 MeV}		0+180Re
180Ta
Tungsten-180m180m74W106179.94671(2) u
[179.9061191 u]
{-49.63932 MeV}		8-
Tungsten-180m2180m274W106179.94671(2) u
[179.9061191 u]
{-49.63932 MeV}		14-
Tungsten-18118174W107180.9482189(16) u
[180.907628 u]
{-48.23378 MeV}		9/2+181Re
Tungsten-18218274W108181.948204(6) u
[181.9076131 u]
{-48.24766 MeV}		0+182Re
182Ta
186Os
Tungsten-18318374W109182.950223(6) u
[182.9096321 u]
{-46.36698 MeV}		1/2-183Re
183Ta
Tungsten-183m183m74W109182.950223(6) u
[182.9096321 u]
{-46.36698 MeV}		11/2+
Tungsten-18418474W110183.950931(6) u
[183.9103401 u]
{-45.70748 MeV}		0+184Re
184Ta
Tungsten-18518574W111184.9534213(8) u
[184.9128304 u]
{-43.38778 MeV}		3/2-185Ta
Tungsten-185m185m74W111184.9534213(8) u
[184.9128304 u]
{-43.38778 MeV}		11/2+
Tungsten-18618674W112185.95436(2) u
[185.9137691 u]
{-42.51339 MeV}		0+186Re
186Ta
Tungsten-18718774W113186.9571613(13) u
[186.9165704 u]
{-39.90399 MeV}		3/2-
Tungsten-18818874W114187.958488(3) u
[187.9178971 u]
{-38.66818 MeV}		0+
Tungsten-18918974W115188.96176(4) u
[188.9211691 u]
{-35.62033 MeV}		(3/2-)
Tungsten-19019074W116189.96309(4) u
[189.9224991 u]
{-34.38144 MeV}		0+
Tungsten-190m190m74W116189.96309(4) u
[189.9224991 u]
{-34.38144 MeV}		(10-)
Tungsten-19119174W117190.96660(21) u
[190.9260091 u]
{-31.1119 MeV}
Tungsten-19219274W118191.96817(21) u
[191.9275791 u]
{-29.64945 MeV}		0+
Tungsten-19319374W119192.97178(21) u
[192.9311891 u]
{-26.28676 MeV}
Tungsten-19419474W120193.97367(32) u
[193.9330791 u]
{-24.52624 MeV}		0+
Tungsten-19519574W121194.97744(32) u
[194.9368491 u]
{-21.0145 MeV}
Tungsten-19619674W122195.97973(43) u
[195.9391391 u]
{-18.88138 MeV}
Tungsten-19719774W123196.98375(43) u
[196.9431591 u]
{-15.13678 MeV}

 

Radioactive Decay Properties

IsotopeRadioactive DecayExtern
Half-lifeDecay ModeProbabilityEnergy
789101112
W-157275(40) msEC → 157Ta?
W-1581.25(21) msα → 154Hf100 %6.613(3) MeVAL
W-158m0.143(19) msα → 154Hf
Iso → 158W
2p 		ca. 100 %
?
W-1597.3(27) msα → 155Hf
EC/β+ → 159Ta		ca. 99.9 %
ca. 0.1 %		6.540(4) MeV
9.14(3) MeV		AL
W-16091(5) msα → 156Hf87(8) %6.066(5) MeVAL
W-161409(18) msα → 157Hf
EC/β+ → 161Ta		73(3) %
27(3) %		5.923(4) MeV
8.22(20) MeV		AL
W-1621.19(12) sα → 158Hf
EC/β+ → 162Ta		45.2(16) %
54.8(16) %		5.6783(24) MeV
5.78(6) MeV		AL
W-1632.67(10) sα → 159Hf
EC/β+ → 163Ta		14(2) %
86(2) %		5.52(5) MeV
7.63(7) MeV		AL
W-1646.3(2) sα → 160Hf
EC/β+ → 164Ta		3.8(12) %
96.2(12) %		5.2783(20) MeV
5.05(3) MeV		AL
W-1655.1(5) sα → 161Hf
EC/β+ → 165Ta		< 0.2 %
> 99.8 %		5.03(3) MeV
6.987(29) MeV		AL
W-16619.2(6) sα → 162Hf
EC/β+ → 166Ta		0.035(12) %
99.965(12) %		4.856(4) MeV
4.21(3) MeV		AL
W-16719.9(5) sα → 163Hf
EC/β+ → 167Ta		0.04(1) %
99.96(1) %		4.741(28) MeV
6.25(3) MeV		AL
W-16850.9(19) sα → 164Hf
EC/β+ → 168Ta		0.0032 %
> 99.997 %		4.500(11) MeV
3.50(3) MeV		AL
W-16974(6) sEC/β+ → 169Ta100 %5.27(3) MeVAL
W-1702.42(4) minEC/β+ → 170Ta100 %2.85(3) MeVAL
W-1712.38(4) minEC/β+ → 171Ta100 %4.63(4) MeVAL
W-1726.6(9) minEC/β+ → 172Ta100 %2.23(4) MeVAL
W-1737.6(2) minEC/β+ → 173Ta100 %3.67(4) MeVAL
W-17433.2(21) minEC/β+ → 174Ta100 %1.51(4) MeVAL
W-17535.2(6) minEC/β+ → 175Ta100 %2.78(4) MeVAL
W-1762.5(1) hEC → 176Ta100 %0.72(4) MeVAL
W-177132.4(20) minEC/β+ → 177Ta100 %2.013(28) MeVAL
W-17821.6(3) dEC → 178Ta100 %0.19(5) MeVAL
W-17937.05(16) minEC/β+ → 179Ta100 %1.062(15) MeVAL
W-179m6.40(7) minEC/β+ → 179Ta
Iso → 179W		0.29(4) %
99.71(4) %
W-1801.8(2) × 1018 aα → 176Hf100 %2.5153(10) MeVAL
W-180m5.47(9) msIso → 180W100 %
W-180m22.3(2) μs
W-181121.2(2) dEC → 181Ta100 %0.2045(20) MeVAL
W-182stableAL
W-1836.7 × 1020 aα → 179Hf?1.6724(16) MeVAL
W-183m5.3(8) sIso → 183W100 %AL
W-184stableAL
W-18575.1(3) dβ- → 185Re100 %0.4312(7) MeVAL
W-185m1.67(3) minIso → 185W100 %
W-186stableAL
W-18723.72(6) hβ- → 187Re100 %1.3125(11) MeVAL
W-18869.78(12) dβ- → 188Re100 %0.349(3) MeVAL
W-18911.6(2) minβ- → 189Re100 %2.36(4) MeVAL
W-19030.0(15) minβ- → 190Re100 %1.275(6)MeVAL
W-190m3.1 msIso → 190W100 %
W-191AL
W-192β- → 192Re100 %1.94(21) MeVAL
W-193300 nsβ- → 193Re100 %3.94(20) MeVAL
W-194300 nsβ- → 194Re?2.71(36) MeVAL
W-195160 nsβ- → 195Re?4.57(42) MeV
W-196160 nsβ- → 196Re?3.66(50) MeV
W-197160 nsβ- → 197Re?5.36(50) MeV

 

Notes (related to the columns):

1 - name of the nuclide, isotope.
2 - E: isotope symbol with mass number (superscript; number of nucleons) and atomic number (subscript; number of protons).
3 - N: number of neutrons.
4 - relative atomic mass of the Tungsten isotope (isotopic mass including electrons) and the mass of the atomic nucleus in square brackets (nuclear mass, nuclide mass without electrons), each related to 12C = 12.00000 [2]. In addition, the mass excess is given in MeV.
5 - nuclear spin I, unit: h/2π.
6 - source nuclides: Possible, assumed or actual source nuclides (mother nuclides, parent nuclides). If applicable, the corresponding decay modes can be found in the data for the respective starting nuclide.

7 - isotope notation in short form.
8 - decay: half-live of the Tungsten isotope (a = years; ; d = days; h = hours; min = minutes; s = seconds).
9 - decay mode: type of decay into the respective daughter nuclides with n = neutron emission; p = proton emission; α = alpha decay; β- = beta minus decay with electron emission; EC = electron capture; β+ = positron emission; ε = β+ and/or EC; Iso = isomeric transition; CD = cluster decay; SF = spontaneous decay.
10 - decay probability in percent (%).
11 - decay energy; Particle energy related to decay type.
12 - other information and notes: AL = Adopted Levels (link to external data [1]).

Miscellaneous:

()- Numbers in brackets: uncertainty to represent the spread of the reported value.
~ - Theoretical values or systematic trends.
  - unlisted-: Nuclides that have already been mentioned in the literature but for some reason can no longer be found in the current nuclide tables because their discovery e.g. has not confirmed.

 

NMR active Tungsten nuclides

Nuclide
quantity 1)
spin		Nuclear
magnetic
moment
μ/μN		Gyromagnetic ratio
{Quadrupole moment}		Resonant
frequency
v0 bei 1 T		Relative
sensitivity
H0 = const.
v0 = const. 3)
183W
14,31(4) %
1/2-		+ 0,11778476(9)1,1283
{}		1,79570,00008
0,0422

1) Quantity Percentage of natural occurrence.

2) Gyromagnetic ratio: 107 rad T-1 s-1
    Quadrupole moment: Q fm-2

3) Related to 1H = 1,000.

 

Radiation Protection

According to the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV 2018, Germany), the following values (columns 1 to 7) apply to the handling of Tungsten radionuclides:

NuclideLimit ValueHASS limitSCDaughter NuclidesHalf-life
W-176106 Bq100 Bq/g2.5 h
W-177106 Bq10 Bq/g2.2 h
W-178+106 Bq100 Bq/gTa-17821.6 d
W-179107 Bq100 Bq/g37.1 min
W-181107 Bq10 Bq/g5 TBq100 Bq cm-2121.0 d
W-185107 Bq1000 Bq/g100 TBq100 Bq cm-275.1 d
W-187106 Bq10 Bq/g0,1 TBq10 Bq cm-223.9 h
W-188+105 Bq10 Bq/g1 TBq100 Bq cm-2Re-18869.8 d

(HASS = High-Activity Sealed Radioactive Sources; SC = surface contamination)

 

Literature Sources and References

Properties of the Tungsten nucleides

[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.

[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.

[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.

Tungsten: NMR properties - 183W-NMR

[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.

[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.

[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.

[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).

More sources:

[8] - Isotopic abundances, atomic weights and isotopic masses: see respective keyword.

[9] - A. Fritsch, J. Q. Ginepro, M. Heim, A. Schuh, A. Shore, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of the tungsten isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2010), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2009.12.003.

 

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