Rhodium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Rhodium.

Contents

General Information about Rhodium

Regular nameRhodiumChemical symbolRhOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Rhodium

Atomic number Z45 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight102.90549 (2)

Electron configuration of Rhodium

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	8		1

Shorthand electron configuration of Rhodium: [Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹ .

Ionization Energies of Rhodium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Rhodium atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3
7.45890	18.08	31.06

Isotopic Data of Rhodium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Rhodium isotopes.

Chemistry of Rhodium

Oxidation states+3Electronegativity2.2 (Pauling original)
2.28 (Pauling)
1.56 (Allen)
3.4611 eV (Gosh Gupta)
4.30 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity1.142 89(20) eV
110.27(2) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
0.431	Rh	+ III 0	Hexachlororhodate(III) anion Rhodium	[RhCl₆]^3- ⇄ Rh + 6 Cl^-	+ 3 e^-
0.600	Rh	+ I 0	Rhodium(I) cation Rhodium	Rh⁺ ⇄ Rh	+ e^-
0.758	Rh	+ III 0	Rhodium(III) cation Rhodium	Rh³⁺ ⇄ Rh	+ 3 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point1963 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)26.59 kJ mol^-1Boiling point3695 °CEnthalpy of vaporization495.4 kJ mol^-1Density12.41 g cm^-3

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-16-6InChI =1S/RhInChIKeyMHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23948

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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