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Isotopes of Lead

List, data and properties of all known isotopes of Lead.

Content
Atomic properties
Decay properties
NMR active nuclides
Radiation protection
References
Lead isotopes

All atomic nuclei of the chemical element lead are summarized under lead isotopes; these consist of an atomic nucleus with 82 protons and in the uncharged state of 82 electrons. The difference between the individual lead isotopes lies in the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

In nature, the chemical element lead occurs in the form of 8 different isotopes: 4 stable nuclides (lead 204, 206, 207, 208) and 4 radionuclides (lead 210, 211, 212, 214).

Of the stable nuclides, the isotope Pb-204 is considered primordial. The other three stable isotopes of lead are the end products of various decay chains and therefore only formed over time:

 

* Lead-206: end nuclide of the uranium-radium series with the starting nuclide uranium-238,
* Lead-207: end nuclide of the uranium-actinium series with the starting nuclide Uranium-235,
* Lead-208: Final nuclide of the thorium series with the parent nuclide thorium-232.

 

Due to their short half-lives of 22 years and less, the four natural lead radioisotopes can only be detected in traces; they form the intermediate products of various radioactive decay processes.

 

Naturally Occurring Lead Isotopes

Atomic Mass maQuantityHalf-lifeSpin
Lead
Isotopic mixture		207,2 u100 %
Isotope 204Pb203,973044(8) u1,4(6) %1.4 × 1017 a0+
Isotope 206Pb205,974466(8) u24,1(30) %stable0+
Isotope 207Pb206,975897(8) u22,1(50) %stable1/2-
Isotope 208Pb207,976653(8) u52,4(70) %stable0+

 

All other lead nuclides are unstable and decay, emitting radioactive radiation.

 

Isotope Table: Lead

The two following tables list the most important data and properties of the Lead isotopes. Further information on the individual Lead isotopes is listed on separate pages and can be accessed via the link in column 1.

 

Atomic Properties

Isotope
Nuclide		ENAtomic Mass
[Nuclear Mass]
{Mass Excess}		Spin I
(h/2π)		Parent
123456
Lead-17817882Pb96178.003837(26) u
[177.9588586 u]
{3.57414 MeV}		0+
Lead-17917982Pb97179.00220(8) u
[178.9572216 u]
{2.04929 MeV}		(9/2-)
Lead-18018082Pb98179.997916(13) u
[179.9529376 u]
{-1.94123 MeV}		0+
Lead-18118182Pb99180.99665(8) u
[180.9516716 u]
{-3.1205 MeV}		(13/2+)
Lead-18218282Pb100181.992673(13) u
[181.9476946 u]
{-6.82506 MeV}		0+
Lead-18318382Pb101182.99187(3) u
[182.9468916 u]
{-7.57305 MeV}		(3/2-)
Lead-183m183m82Pb101182.99187(3) u
[182.9468916 u]
{-7.57305 MeV}		(13/2+)
Lead-18418482Pb102183.988136(14) u
[183.9431576 u]
{-11.05124 MeV}		0+184Bi
188Po
Lead-18518582Pb103184.987610(17) u
[184.9426316 u]
{-11.54121 MeV}		3/2-185Bi
189Po
Lead-185m185m82Pb103184.987610(17) u
[184.9426316 u]
{-11.54121 MeV}		13/2+
Lead-18618682Pb104185.984238(12) u
[185.9392596 u]
{-14.68221 MeV}		0+190Po
Lead-18718782Pb105186.983911(5) u
[186.9389326 u]
{-14.98681 MeV}		(3/2-)191Po
186Bi
Lead-187m187m82Pb105186.983911(5) u
[186.9389326 u]
{-14.98681 MeV}		(13/2+)
Lead-18818882Pb106187.980875(11) u
[187.9358966 u]
{-17.81482 MeV}		0+188Bi
192Po
Lead-188m1188m182Pb106187.980875(11) u
[187.9358966 u]
{-17.81482 MeV}		(8-)
Lead-188m2188m282Pb106187.980875(11) u
[187.9358966 u]
{-17.81482 MeV}		(19-)
Lead-18918982Pb107188.980844(15) u
[188.9358656 u]
{-17.8437 MeV}		(3/2-)189Bi
193Po
Lead-189m1189m182Pb107188.980844(15) u
[188.9358656 u]
{-17.8437 MeV}		(13/2+)
Lead-189m2189m282Pb107188.980844(15) u
[188.9358656 u]
{-17.8437 MeV}		(31/2-)
Lead-19019082Pb108189.978082(13) u
[189.9331036 u]
{-20.41649 MeV}		0+190Bi
194Po
Lead-190m1190m182Pb108189.978082(13) u
[189.9331036 u]
{-20.41649 MeV}		(10)+
Lead-190m2190m282Pb108189.978082(13) u
[189.9331036 u]
{-20.41649 MeV}		(12+)
Lead-190m3190m382Pb108189.978082(13) u
[189.9331036 u]
{-20.41649 MeV}		(11)-
Lead-19119182Pb109190.97828(4) u
[190.9333016 u]
{-20.23205 MeV}		(3/2-)191Bi
195Po
Lead-191m191m82Pb109190.97828(4) u
[190.9333016 u]
{-20.23205 MeV}		(13/2+)
Lead-19219282Pb110191.975785(14) u
[191.9308066 u]
{-22.55613 MeV}		0+192Bi
196Po
Lead-192m1192m182Pb110191.975785(14) u
[191.9308066 u]
{-22.55613 MeV}		(10)+
Lead-192m2192m282Pb110191.975785(14) u
[191.9308066 u]
{-22.55613 MeV}		(12+)
Lead-192m3192m382Pb110191.975785(14) u
[191.9308066 u]
{-22.55613 MeV}		(11)-
Lead-19319382Pb111192.97617(5) u
[192.9311916 u]
{-22.1975 MeV}		(3/2-)193Bi
197Po
Lead-193m1193m182Pb111192.97617(5) u
[192.9311916 u]
{-22.1975 MeV}		(13/2+)
Lead-193m2193m282Pb111192.97617(5) u
[192.9311916 u]
{-22.1975 MeV}		(33/2+)
Lead-19419482Pb112193.974012(19) u
[193.9290336 u]
{-24.20767 MeV}		0+194Bi
198Po
Lead-19519582Pb113194.974549(19) u
[194.9295706 u]
{-23.70745 MeV}		3/2-195Bi
199Po
Lead-195m1195m182Pb113194.974549(19) u
[194.9295706 u]
{-23.70745 MeV}		13/2+
Lead-195m2195m282Pb113194.974549(19) u
[194.9295706 u]
{-23.70745 MeV}		21/2-
Lead-19619682Pb114195.972787(8) u
[195.9278086 u]
{-25.34875 MeV}		0+196Bi
200Po
Lead-196m1196m182Pb114195.972787(8) u
[195.9278086 u]
{-25.34875 MeV}		2+
Lead-196m2196m282Pb114195.972787(8) u
[195.9278086 u]
{-25.34875 MeV}		4+
Lead-196m3196m382Pb114195.972787(8) u
[195.9278086 u]
{-25.34875 MeV}		5-
Lead-196m4196m482Pb114195.972787(8) u
[195.9278086 u]
{-25.34875 MeV}		12+
Lead-19719782Pb115196.973435(5) u
[196.9284566 u]
{-24.74514 MeV}		3/2-197Bi
201Po
Lead-197m1197m182Pb115196.973435(5) u
[196.9284566 u]
{-24.74514 MeV}		13/2+
Lead-197m2197m282Pb115196.973435(5) u
[196.9284566 u]
{-24.74514 MeV}		21/2-
Lead-19819882Pb116197.972015(9) u
[197.9270366 u]
{-26.06786 MeV}		0+198Bi
202Po
Lead-198m1198m182Pb116197.972015(9) u
[197.9270366 u]
{-26.06786 MeV}		(7)-
Lead-198m2198m282Pb116197.972015(9) u
[197.9270366 u]
{-26.06786 MeV}		(9)-
Lead-198m3198m382Pb116197.972015(9) u
[197.9270366 u]
{-26.06786 MeV}		(12)+
Lead-19919982Pb117198.972913(11) u
[198.9279346 u]
{-25.23138 MeV}		3/2-199Bi
203Po
Lead-199m1199m182Pb117198.972913(11) u
[198.9279346 u]
{-25.23138 MeV}		(13/2+)
Lead-199m2199m282Pb117198.972913(11) u
[198.9279346 u]
{-25.23138 MeV}		(29/2-)
Lead-20020082Pb118199.971818(12) u
[199.9268396 u]
{-26.25136 MeV}		0+200Bi
204Po
Lead-20120182Pb119200.972870(15) u
[200.9278916 u]
{-25.27143 MeV}		5/2-201Bi
205Po
Lead-201m1201m182Pb119200.97287(15) u
[200.9278916 u]
{-25.27143 MeV}		13/2+
Lead-201m2201m282Pb119200.97287(15) u
[200.9278916 u]
{-25.27143 MeV}		(29/2-)
Lead-20220282Pb120201.972152(4) u
[201.9271736 u]
{-25.94024 MeV}		0+202Bi
206Po
Lead-202m1202m182Pb120201.972152(4) u
[201.9271736 u]
{-25.94024 MeV}		9-
Lead-202m2202m282Pb120201.972152(4) u
[201.9271736 u]
{-25.94024 MeV}		(16+)
Lead-202m3202m382Pb120201.972152(4) u
[201.9271736 u]
{-25.94024 MeV}		(19-)
Lead-20320382Pb121202.973391(7) u
[202.9284126 u]
{-24.78612 MeV}		5/2-203Bi
207Po
Lead-203m1203m182Pb121202.973391(7) u
[202.9284126 u]
{-24.78612 MeV}		13/2+
Lead-203m3203m382Pb121202.973391(7) u
[202.9284126 u]
{-24.78612 MeV}		29/2-
Lead-203m2203m282Pb121202.973391(7) u
[202.9284126 u]
{-24.78612 MeV}		(25/2-)
Lead-20420482Pb122203.973044(8) u
[203.9280656 u]
{-25.10935 MeV}		0+204Bi
208Po
204Tl
Lead-204m1204m182Pb122203.973044(8) u
[203.9280656 u]
{-25.10935 MeV}		4+
Lead-204m2204m282Pb122203.973044(8) u
[203.9280656 u]
{-25.10935 MeV}		9-
Lead-204m3204m382Pb122203.973044(8) u
[203.9280656 u]
{-25.10935 MeV}		7-
Lead-20520582Pb123204.9744817(12) u
[204.9295033 u]
{-23.77014 MeV}		5/2-205Bi
209Po
Lead-205m1205m182Pb123204.9744816(12) u
[204.9295032 u]
{-23.77024 MeV}		1/2-
Lead-205m2205m282Pb123204.9744816(12) u
[204.9295032 u]
{-23.77024 MeV}		13/2+
Lead-205m3205m382Pb123204.9744816(12) u
[204.9295032 u]
{-23.77024 MeV}		25/2-
Lead-20620682Pb124205.974466(8) u
[205.9294876 u]
{-23.78477 MeV}		0+206Bi
210Po
206Tl
Lead-206m1206m182Pb124205.974466(8) u
[205.9294876 u]
{-23.78477 MeV}		7-
Lead-206m2206m282Pb124205.974466(8) u
[205.9294876 u]
{-23.78477 MeV}		12+
Lead-20720782Pb125206.975897(8) u
[206.9309186 u]
{-22.4518 MeV}		1/2-207Bi
211Po
207Tl
221Ra
Lead-207m207m82Pb125206.975897(8) u
[206.9309186 u]
{-22.4518 MeV}		13/2+
Lead-20820882Pb126207.976653(8) u
[207.9316746 u]
{-21.74759 MeV}		0+208Bi
212Po
208Tl
222Ra
228Th
242Cm
Lead-208m208m82Pb126207.976653(8) u
[207.9316746 u]
{-21.74759 MeV}		10+
Lead-20920982Pb127208.98040(1) u
[208.9354216 u]
{-18.25728 MeV}		9/2+209Tl
213Po
223Ra
232U
233U
Lead-21021082Pb128209.9841883(16) u
[209.9392099 u]
{-14.7285 MeV}		0+210Tl
214Po
224Ra
234U
Lead-210m210m82Pb128209.9841883(16) u
[209.9392099 u]
{-14.7285 MeV}		8+
Lead-21121182Pb129210.9887354(24) u
[210.943757 u]
{-10.49291 MeV}		9/2+211Tl
215Po
235U
211Pb
Lead-211m211m82Pb129210.9887354(24) u
[210.943757 u]
{-10.49291 MeV}		(27/2+)
Lead-21221282Pb130211.991896(2) u
[211.9469176 u]
{-7.54883 MeV}		0+212Tl
216Po
226Ra
232Th
Lead-212m212m82Pb130211.991896(2) u
[211.9469176 u]
{-7.54883 MeV}
Lead-21321382Pb131212.996561(7) u
[212.9515826 u]
{-3.20341 MeV}		(9/2+)217Po
Lead-21421482Pb132213.9998035(21) u
[213.9548251 u]
{-0.18304 MeV}		0+218Po
Lead-214m214m82Pb132213.9998038(21) u
[213.9548254 u]
{-0.18276 MeV}		(8+)
Lead-21521582Pb133215.00466(6) u
[214.9596816 u]
{4.34076 MeV}		(9/2+)
Lead-21621682Pb134216.00803(21) u
[215.9630516 u]
{7.4799 MeV}		0+
Lead-216m216m82Pb134216.00803(21) u
[215.9630516 u]
{7.4799 MeV}		(8+)
Lead-21721782Pb135217.01314(32) u
[216.9681616 u]
{12.23983 MeV}
Lead-21821882Pb136218.01659(32) u
[217.9716116 u]
{15.45349 MeV}		0+
Lead-21921982Pb137219.02177(43) u
[218.9767916 u]
{20.27862 MeV}
Lead-22022082Pb138220.02541(43) u
[219.9804316 u]
{23.66926 MeV}		0+

 

Radioactive Decay Properties

IsotopeRadioactive DecayExtern
Half-lifeDecay ModeProbabilityEnergy
789101112
Pb-178ca. 0.12 msα → 174Hg100 %7.79(14) MeVAL
Pb-179ca. 3.5 msα → 175Hg100 %7.598(20) MeVAL
Pb-1804.1(3) msα → 176Hg100 %7.419(5) MeVAL
Pb-18145(20) msα → 177Hg
β+ → 181Tl		98 %
2 %		7.240(7) MeV
9.25(8) MeV		AL
Pb-18255(5) msα → 178Hg
β+ → 182Tl		98 %
2 %		7.066(6) MeV
6.503(17) MeV		AL
Pb-183535(30) msα → 179Hg~90 %6.928(7) MeVAL
Pb-183m415(20) msα → 179Hg
Iso → 183Pb		ca. 100 %
?
AL
Pb-184490(25) msα → 180Hg
β+ → 184Tl		80(15) %
20(15) %		6.774(3) MeV
5.832(16) MeV		AL
Pb-1856.3(4) sα → 181Hg
β+ → 185Tl		34(25) %
?8.217(26) MeV		6.695(5) MeV
AL
Pb-185m4.3(2) sα → 181Hg
β+ → 185Tl		50(25) %
?
AL
Pb-1864.82(3) sα → 182Hg
β+ → 186Tl		40(8) %
60(8) %		6.47(6) MeV
5.205(25) MeV		AL
Pb-18715.2(3) sα → 183Hg
β+ → 187Tl		9.5(20) %
90.5(20) %		6.393(6) MeV
7.458(10) MeV		AL
Pb-187m18.3(3) sα → 183Hg
β+ → 187Tl		12(2) %
88(2) %
AL
Pb-18825.5(1) sα → 184Hg
β+ → 188Tl		8.5(5) %
91.5(5) %		6.109(3) MeV
4.52(3) MeV		AL
Pb-188m1800(20) nsAL
Pb-188m20.44(6) μsAL
Pb-18939(8) sβ+ → 189Tl
α → 185Hg		ca. 100 %
≤0.4 %		6.772(16) MeV
5.915(4) MeV		AL
Pb-189m150(3) sβ+ → 189Tl
α → 185Hg		> 99 %
< 0.4 %
AL
Pb-189m222.2 μsIso → 189Pb100 %
Pb-19071(1) sβ+ → 190Tl
α → 186Hg		99.60(4) %
0.40(4) %		3.955(15) MeV
5.698(5) MeV		AL
Pb-190m1150 nsAL
Pb-190m225 μsAL
Pb-190m37.2(6) μsAL
Pb-1911.33(8) minβ+ → 191Tl
α → 187Hg		99.987 %
0.013(5) %		6.05(4) MeV
5.46(4) MeV		AL
Pb-191m2.18(8) minβ+ → 191Tl
α → 187Hg		99.98 %
0.02 %
AL
Pb-1923.5(1) minβ+ → 192Tl
α → 188Hg		99.9941(7) %
0.0059(7) %		3.32(3) MeV
5.221(5) MeV		AL
Pb-192m1166(6) nsIso → 192Pb100 %AL
Pb-192m21.09(4) μsIso → 192Pb100 %AL
Pb-192m30.756(14) μsIso → 192Pb100 %AL
Pb-1935~ minβ+ → 193Tl?5.28(5) MeVAL
Pb-193m15.8(2) minβ+ → 193Tl5.2 MeVAL
Pb-193m2180(15) nsAL
Pb-19410.7(6) minβ+ → 194Tl
α → 190Hg		> 99.9 %
Spuren		2.73(22) MeV
4.738(17) MeV		AL
Pb-19515 minβ+ → 195Tl100 %4.448(21) MeVAL
Pb-195m115.0(12) minβ+ → 195Tl100 %AL
Pb-195m210.0(7) μsAL
Pb-19637(3) minβ+ → 196Tl
α → 192Hg		> 99.9 %
Spuren		2.148(14) MeV
4.238(17) MeV		AL
Pb-196m1< 100 nsAL
Pb-196m21 μsAL
Pb-196m3140(14) nsAL
Pb-196m4270(4) nsAL
Pb-1978.1(17) minβ+ → 197Tl100 %3.596(17) MeVAL
Pb-197m142.9(9) minβ+ → 197Tl
Iso → 197Pb		81(2) %
19(2) %		?
AL
Pb-197m21.15(20) μsAL
Pb-1982.4(1) hβ+ → 198Tl100 %1.461(12) MeVAL
Pb-198m14.19(10) μsAL
Pb-198m2137(10) nsAL
Pb-198m3212(4) nsAL
Pb-19990(10) minβ+ → 199Tl100 %2.83(3) MeVAL
Pb-199m112.2(3) minIso → 199Pb
β+ → 199Tl		93 %
7 %
AL
Pb-199m210.1(2) μsAL
Pb-20021.5(4) hEC → 200Tl100 %0.796(12) MeVAL
Pb-2019.33(3) hβ+ → 201Tl100 %1.910(20) MeVAL
Pb-201m160.8(18) sIso → 201Pb100 %AL
Pb-201m2508(5) nsAL
Pb-20252.5(28) × 103 aEC → 202Tl
α → 198Hg		99 %
1 %		40(4) MeV MeV
2.589(4) MeV		AL
Pb-202m13.54(2) hIso → 202Pb
EC eu 202Tl		90.5(5) %
9.5(5) %
AL
Pb-202m2110(5) nsAL
Pb-202m3107(3) nsAL
Pb-20351.92(3) hEC → 203Tl100 %0.975(7) MeVAL
Pb-203m16.21(11) sIso → 203Pb100 %0.8252 MeVAL
Pb-203m3480(7) msIso → 203Pb100 %AL
Pb-203m2122(4) nsAL
Pb-2041.4 × 1017 aα → 200Hg?1.9685(11) MeVAL
Pb-204m1265(6) nsAL
Pb-204m266.93(10) minIso → 204Pb100 %AL
Pb-204m30.45(+10-3) μsAL
Pb-2051.70(9) × 107aEC → 205Tl100 %0.0506(17) MeVAL
Pb-205m124.2(4) μsAL
Pb-205m25.55(2) msIso → 205Pb100 %AL
Pb-205m3217(5) nsAL
Pb-206stableAL
Pb-206m1125(2) μsIso → 206Pb100 %AL
Pb-206m2202(3) nsIso → 206Pb100 %AL
Pb-207stableAL
Pb-207m806(5) msIso → 207Pb100 %1.632 MeVAL
Pb-208stableAL
Pb-208m0.50(5) μsAL
Pb-2093.234(7) hβ- → 209Bi100 %0.6440(11) MeVAL
Pb-21022.20(22) aβ- → 210Bi
α → 206Hg		< 100 %
Spuren		0.0635(5) MeV
3.792(20) MeV		AL
Pb-210m201(17) nsAL
Pb-21136.1(2) minβ- → 211Bi100 %1.366(5) MeVAL
Pb-211m159(28) nsIso → 211Pb100 %
Pb-21210.64(1) hβ- → 212Bi100 %0.5691(18) MeVAL
Pb-212m5(1) μsIso → 212Pb100 %AL
Pb-21310.2(3) minβ- → 213Bi100 %2.028(8) MeVAL
Pb-21427.06(7) minβ- → 214Bi100 %1.018(11) MeVAL
Pb-214m6.2(3) μsIso → 214Pb
Pb-215147(12) sβ- → 215Bi100 %2.71(5) MeVAL
Pb-216300 nsβ- → 216Bi?1.61(20) MeVAL
Pb-216m0.40(4) μsIso → 216Pb100 %
Pb-21719.9(53) sβ- → 217Bi100 %3.51(30) MeVAL
Pb-218> 300 nsβ- → 218Pb?2.24(30) MeVAL
Pb-219> 300 nsβ- → 219Bi?4.00(45) MeVAL
Pb-220> 300 nsβ- → 220Bi?2.85(50) MeVAL

 

Notes (related to the columns):

1 - name of the nuclide, isotope.
2 - E: isotope symbol with mass number (superscript; number of nucleons) and atomic number (subscript; number of protons).
3 - N: number of neutrons.
4 - relative atomic mass of the Lead isotope (isotopic mass including electrons) and the mass of the atomic nucleus in square brackets (nuclear mass, nuclide mass without electrons), each related to 12C = 12.00000 [2]. In addition, the mass excess is given in MeV.
5 - nuclear spin I, unit: h/2π.
6 - source nuclides: Possible, assumed or actual source nuclides (mother nuclides, parent nuclides). If applicable, the corresponding decay modes can be found in the data for the respective starting nuclide.

7 - isotope notation in short form.
8 - decay: half-live of the Lead isotope (a = years; ; d = days; h = hours; min = minutes; s = seconds).
9 - decay mode: type of decay into the respective daughter nuclides with n = neutron emission; p = proton emission; α = alpha decay; β- = beta minus decay with electron emission; EC = electron capture; β+ = positron emission; ε = β+ and/or EC; Iso = isomeric transition; CD = cluster decay; SF = spontaneous decay.
10 - decay probability in percent (%).
11 - decay energy; Particle energy related to decay type.
12 - other information and notes: AL = Adopted Levels (link to external data [1]).

Miscellaneous:

()- Numbers in brackets: uncertainty to represent the spread of the reported value.
~ - Theoretical values or systematic trends.
  - unlisted-: Nuclides that have already been mentioned in the literature but for some reason can no longer be found in the current nuclide tables because their discovery e.g. has not confirmed.

 

NMR active Lead nuclides

Nuclide
quantity 1)
spin		Nuclear
magnetic
moment
μ/μN		Gyromagnetic ratio
{Quadrupole moment}		Resonant
frequency
v0 bei 1 T		Relative
sensitivity
H0 = const.
v0 = const. 3)
207Pb
22,1(50) %
1/2-		+ 0,592585,6264
{}		9,03400,00955
0,2122

1) Quantity Percentage of natural occurrence.

2) Gyromagnetic ratio: 107 rad T-1 s-1
    Quadrupole moment: Q fm-2

3) Related to 1H = 1,000.

 

Radiation Protection

According to the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV 2018, Germany), the following values (columns 1 to 7) apply to the handling of Lead radionuclides:

NuclideLimit ValueHASS limitSCDaughter NuclidesHalf-life
Pb-195m+106 Bq10 Bq/g15.0 min
Pb-198106 Bq100 Bq/g2.4 h
Pb-199106 Bq10 Bq/g1.5 h
Pb-200106 Bq100 Bq/g21.5 h
Pb-201106 Bq10 Bq/g9.4 h
Pb-202+106 Bq0,1 Bq/g0,2 TBq53000 a
Pb-202m106 Bq10 Bq/g3.6 h
Pb-203106 Bq10 Bq/g0,2 TBq10 Bq cm-251.9 h
Pb-205107 Bq10 Bq/gUnbegrenzt (UL)1.5 × 107 a
Pb-209106 Bq10000 Bq/g3.3 h
Pb-210+104 Bq0,1 Bq/g0,3 TBq1 Bq cm-2Bi-21022.2 a
Pb-211+106 Bq100 Bq/g36.1 min
Pb-212107 Bq10 Bq/g1 Bq cm-2Bi-212, Tl-208, Po-21210.6 h
Pb-212+105 Bq10 Bq/g0,05 TBq1 Bq cm-210.6 h
Pb-214+106 Bq100 Bq/g26.8 min

(HASS = High-Activity Sealed Radioactive Sources; SC = surface contamination)

 

Literature Sources and References

Properties of the Lead nucleides

[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.

[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.

[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.

Lead: NMR properties - 207Pb-NMR

[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.

[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.

[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.

[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).

More sources:

[8] - Isotopic abundances, atomic weights and isotopic masses: see respective keyword.

[9] - C. Fry, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of the thallium, lead, bismuth, and polonium isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2013), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2012.01.005.

 

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