Holmium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Holmium.

Contents

Holmium is a chemical element with the symbol Ho and atomic number 67. It belongs to the group of lanthanides and is a silver-white, difficult to decompose metal. Holmium is very rare in nature and is mainly found in compounds with other lanthanides.

General Information about Holmium

Regular nameHolmiumChemical symbolHoOther namesElement 67Historical namesName meaning, originHolmia, the Latin name of Stockholm, SwedenDiscovery (year)(1878) - Marc Delafontaine, Jacques-Louis Soret. (1879) - Per Teodor CleveOccurenceChemically bound in combination with other elements, for example gadolinite, monazite and other rare earth minerals. Position 56 in the frequency of elements in the earth's crust.Position in the PSELanthanides, period 6, f-blockGroup membershipRare earth metals

Atomar Properties of Holmium

Atomic number Z67 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight164.930328 (7)

Electron configuration of Holmium

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	10	11	2	6			2

Shorthand electron configuration of Holmium: [Xe] 4f¹¹ 6s² .

Ionization Energies of Holmium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Holmium atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3	IE4
6.0215	11.80	22.84	42.5

Isotopic Data of Holmium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Holmium isotopes.

Chemistry of Holmium

Oxidation states+3Electronegativity1.1 (Pauling original)
1.23 (Pauling)Electron affinity0.338 eV
32.61 kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
-2.8	Ho	+ III + II	Holmium(III) cation Holmium(II) cation	Ho³⁺ ⇄ Ho²⁺	+ 1 e^-
-2.33	Ho	+ III 0	Holmium(III) cation Holmium	Ho³⁺ ⇄ Ho (s)	+ 3 e^-
-2.1	Ho	+ II 0	Holmium(II) cation Holmium	Ho²⁺ ⇄ Ho (s)	+ 2 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point1472 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)17.0 kJ mol^-1Boiling point2700 °CEnthalpy of vaporization251 kJ mol^-1Density8.79 g cm^-3

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-60-0InChI =1S/HoInChIKeyKJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23988

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Last update: 2023-06-05

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