Flerovium - symbol: Fl - is the name accepted by the IUPAC in May 2012 for the artificial chemical element 114 (systematic name: Ununquadium, Uuq).

The name Flerovium was chosen in honor of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions - a Russian research facility named after the physicist Georgij N. Flerov (1913-1990), where element 114 was first produced in 1998/1999 (see also: discovery of flerovium and livermorium).

The flerovium is assigned an atomic mass of 289 - commonly derived from the most stable isotope known and verified.

As a superheavy element of the 7th period of the periodic table, flerovium belongs to the element group of the transactinoids. In detail, it is a p-block or main group element from the carbon group.

Very few properties of flerovium or its compounds have been measured so far. This is due to the extremely limited and expensive production and the fact that the Fl atoms decay very quickly. A few properties could be measured directly; overall, however, the properties of this chemical element remain largely unknown, so that mostly only predictions and theoretical calculations are available.

General Information about Flerovium

Atomar Properties of Flerovium

Electron configuration of Flerovium

Due to its position in the periodic table, flerovium probably has 4 valence electrons: 7s² 7p². The electron configuration is:

Shorthand electron configuration of Flerovium: [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p².

Ionization Energies of Flerovium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Flerovium atom.

Isotopic Data of Flerovium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Flerovium isotopes.

Chemistry of Flerovium

Material and Physical Properties

External Data, Identifiers

Literature Sources and References

[1] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Synthesis of Superheavy Nuclei in the ⁴⁸Ca + ²⁴⁴Pu Reaction.
In: Physical Review Letters, (1999), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3154.

[2] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Synthesis of nuclei of the superheavy element 114 in reactions induced by ⁴⁸Ca.
In: Nature, (1999), DOI 10.1038/22281.

[3] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Synthesis of superheavy nuclei in the ⁴⁸Ca + ²⁴⁴Pu reaction: ²⁸⁸114.
In: Physical Review Letters, (2000), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.62.041604.

[4] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Measurements of cross sections for the fusion-evaporation reactions ²⁴⁴Pu(⁴⁸Ca,xn)^292-x114 and ²⁴⁵Cm(⁴⁸Ca,xn)^293-x116.
In: Physical Review C, (2004), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.69.054607.

[5] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Measurements of cross sections and decay properties of the isotopes of elements 112, 114, and 116 produced in the fusion reactions ^233,238U, ²⁴²Pu, and ²⁴⁸Cm + ⁴⁸Ca.
In: Physical Review C, (2004), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064609.

[6] - L. Stavsetra et al.:
Independent Verification of Element 114 Production in the ⁴⁸Ca + ²⁴²Pu Reaction.
In: Physical Review Letters, (2009), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.132502.

[7] - Ch. E. Düllmann et al.:
Production and Decay of Element 114: High Cross Sections and the New Nucleus ²⁷⁷Hs.
In: Physical Review Letters, (2010), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.252701.

[8] - Alexander Yakushev et al.:
Superheavy Element Flerovium (Element 114) Is a Volatile Metal.
In: Inorganic Chemistry, (2014), DOI 10.1021/ic4026766.

[9] - Abhik Ghosh, Jeanet Conradie:
The Valence States of Copernicium and Flerovium.
In: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, (2016), DOI 10.1002/ejic.201600146.

[10] - A. Yakushev, L. Lens, Ch. E. Düllmann et al.:
On the adsorption and reactivity of element 114, flerovium.
In: Frontiers in Chemistry, (2022), DOI 10.3389/fchem.2022.976635.

Last update: 2023-01-18

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